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Prescribed Burning

Before European settlement, ecosystems in the Midwest were exposed to periodic fire, ignited by Native Americans or lightning strikes. Plants native to Midwest prairies, woodlands, and wetlands are adapted to survive fire and even benefit from it.  火通过将养分循环回系统和促进开花来恢复和加强原生栖息地, seed, and fruit production. 火灾还有助于杀死不适应火灾的植物,如果不加以控制,这些植物可能会接管生态系统. Unfortunately, 在过去的150年里,这些周期性的火灾在中西部几乎被消灭了.

det365中文的修复专家认识到周期性火灾的重要性,并以det365形式重新引入火灾.  伊利诺斯州和威斯康辛州的规定烧伤是在考虑到人身和财产安全后故意设定的, ideal weather conditions, 风向和烟雾管理,并被限制在一个预定的区域.  我们的员工在伊利诺伊州和威斯康辛州接受过专门的培训和认证,可以进行规定的烧伤,并将安全视为他们的首要任务.

How Does Prescribed Burning Help Native Ecosystems?

Native grasses and wildflowers are adapted to survive fire.  它们有很深的根系,可以在大火无法到达的地下几英尺处生长.  This allows these plants to flourish once again following a fire event, 利用注入土壤的新鲜养分使其长得更强壮.  这使得它们能够与非本地杂草种群竞争,并防止它们接管.

许多本地树木,如橡树和山核桃,已经进化出适应能力,以保护它们免受火灾伤害,如厚厚的树皮. 其他种类的树木只有在种子暴露在火产生的热量下才能发芽. 林地规定的火灾对于重建曾经主导我们景观的橡树生态系统尤为重要.

应该注意的是,规定的火灾并不能杀死所有的入侵植物物种,但它确实使管理工作更容易.  By burning off the chaff, it is easier to find target species like reed canary grass, thistle and teasel to treat with herbicide or remove by hand. 更不用说,烧焦的景观吸引了更多的阳光,并在春天进行烧伤时为所需的植物物种提供了一个有利的开端!

Invasive reed canary grass hidden by chaff.

Invasive reed canary grass exposed after a prescribed burn.

What Does a Prescribed Burn Look Like?

规定的烧伤通常在春季或秋季进行,那时野生动物正在冬眠或已经从该地区迁移.  In Illinois and Wisconsin, 春季燃烧季节比秋季更长,通常发生在3月初到4月中旬, depending on the snow.  秋天的火灾通常在11月第一次霜冻之后开始,一直持续到下雪.  每个情况都是不同的,所以在决定何时燃烧时,我们总是考虑特定场地的条件和客户的需求.

Preparation

  • 规定的焚烧需要州和地方的许可,det365中文代表土地所有者获得许可. 这些许可可能需要长达120天的时间,因此规划燃烧是非常重要的.
  • 所有参与控制烧伤的det365中文员工都接受过特殊培训, which involves learning fire behavior, methods of ignition, fire suppression, 正确使用设备和安全措施,妥善管理火灾.
  • 在烧伤开始之前,为每个单独的部位制定由经过认证的烧伤管理人员批准的书面烧伤计划. It identifies control lines, potential hazards, weather conditions and management goals and objectives.
  • 我们尽一切合理的努力通知所有可能受影响的邻居规定的焚烧日期和时间.
  • 工业光魔将在燃烧当天通知当地消防部门和紧急调度员.

Burn Day 

  • 烧伤管理人员和团队遵循现场特定烧伤计划中概述的说明.
  • 设置防火墙,将火势控制在预定区域内.
  • A pre-burn meeting is held to discuss the ignition plan, weather conditions, water sources, and escape routes.
  • Backburn ignition begins. 背燃是逆风方向移动的火(例如:如果风从西北方向吹来), the point of ignition will be in the Southeast).  This establishes a “blackline.”  A blackline is the area of burnt material.  随着背燃的进行,植被被消耗,该地区变成黑色.  黑线越宽,在烧伤断口外逃生的几率就越低.
  • 一旦达到足够的黑线,就开始迎头点火. 头火是一种顺着风的方向移动的火(例如:如果风从西北方向吹来, the point of head fire ignition will be in the Northwest). 一场头部火灾烧毁了船员和已经确定的黑线之间剩余的未燃烧的植被.
  • 使用背包式喷雾器和/或装有坦克喷雾器的多功能地形车扑灭所有阴燃材料.
  • A final site walk is performed to make sure the area is secure.
  • 燃烧后的会议是为了讨论燃烧并感谢机组人员.
  • Although our goals change according to the site, 我们通常希望至少燃烧目标区域的70%(50%对于湿地来说是合理的). In some cases, 我们会每年烧掉一部分,第二年烧掉剩下的部分,让野生动物可以自由活动.

Post Burnings

  • Within two to three weeks in spring, prairie plants will sprout and grow back taller, more vigorous, and often with more flowers.
  • When a prescribed burn is done on the forest floor, wildflowers are usually more abundant the next spring. If you look closely, you may see evidence of fire, such as lightly charred fallen logs, but in general, burns make the woods and the prairie greener and more beautiful.
  • Prescribed burnings expose non-native, 入侵植物物种使它们更容易用除草剂处理或用手拔.

Are Prescribed Fires Dangerous?

Any fire can be dangerous if not kept under control.  Through training and experience, 工业光魔的控制燃烧人员可以预见问题,并采取必要的行动,以确保安全的规定燃烧.

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有兴趣了解更多关于我们的处方烧伤的信息或寻找其他整体策略来照顾你的环境? Contact us today! We are happy to help you improve the beauty and health of your lake, pond, wetland, woodland, or prairie.

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